Investigating the Potential of Organic Farming Practices for Sustainable Agriculture and Soil Health Improvement

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of organic farming practices for sustainable agriculture and soil health improvement.

Methods: Representative organic farming sites in the region of Dera Ismail Khan were selected, considering factors such as soil type, climate, crop rotation practices, and farm management techniques. Interviews and surveys were conducted with organic farmers to gather information on farm management practices, soil amendments used, and pest control strategies. Soil samples were collected from each selected farm site, and various soil parameters, including pH, organic matter content, nutrient levels, and soil microbial activity, were recorded. Experimental plots were set up within each farm, and different organic farming practices, such as compost application, cover cropping, and crop rotation, were evaluated. Control plots with conventional farming practices were included for comparison.

Results: Statistical analysis was performed to compare soil parameters and crop yield between different treatments and control groups. The results indicated that organic farming practices had significant effects on soil parameters, with improvements observed in pH, organic matter content, and nitrogen levels. Crop yield was significantly higher in the treatment groups compared to the control group for wheat, corn, and soybean. Additionally, the implementation of organic practices resulted in reduced weed density for foxtail, chickweed, and lambsquarters.

Conclusion: These findings highlighted the potential of compost application, cover cropping, and crop rotation for enhancing soil health and agricultural productivity in organic farming systems. The study contributed to the scientific understanding of organic farming practices and provides practical recommendations for promoting sustainable agriculture.