Assessing the Prevalence of Trypanosomiasis in Camels: A Study in Okara District, Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma evansi, is a parasitic disease that poses a considerable health concern in camels. This disease adversely affects the productivity and overall well-being of camels. Understanding the prevalence of trypanosomiasis in specific regions is crucial for implementing effective control measures and mitigating its impact on camel populations.

Aims: To assess the prevalence of trypanosomiasis in camels within the Okara District of Pakistan.  

Methods: To achieve the study's objectives, a representative sample of 384 camels was selected. These camels were subjected to thorough clinical examinations to identify visible clinical signs associated with trypanosomiasis infection. In addition, blood samples were collected from each camel and examined under a microscope to detect the presence of Trypanosoma parasites, the causative agents of trypanosomiasis.

Results: The study revealed an overall prevalence of trypanosomiasis in camels in the Okara District of Pakistan to be 11.71%. However, the prevalence varied based on the sex of the camels. Female camels exhibited a higher prevalence rate of 13.28% compared to male camels, who had a prevalence rate of 7.96%. Furthermore, the prevalence of trypanosomiasis also varied among different age groups. The highest prevalence was observed in the age group of 1-3 years, with a rate of 12.87%.

Conclusion: The findings of this study emphasized the significance of gender and age as risk factors for trypanosomiasis in camels. Female camels and younger camels, particularly those between 1-3 years old, were more susceptible to trypanosomiasis infection. These results underscore the importance of implementing targeted control strategies and awareness campaigns to mitigate the impact of this disease on camel health in the Okara District of Pakistan. By addressing these risk factors and raising awareness, it is possible to reduce the prevalence of trypanosomiasis and improve the overall well-being and productivity of camels in the region.