Studying the Implications of Antibiotics Resistance in Dental Infection

Nadeem Khan; Ahmad Waleed; Syed Izhar Ali Shah; Mamun ur Rashid; Hassan Ali; Kainat Waheed

doi:10.70749/ijbr.v2i02.143

Authors

Nadeem Khan Department of Family Dentistry, CIMS Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
Ahmad Waleed Department of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Syed Izhar Ali Shah Department of Dentistry, Abbottabad International Medical Institute, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Mamun ur Rashid Department of Dentistry, Abbottabad International Medical Institute, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Hassan Ali Department of Dentistry, Abbottabad International Medical Institute, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Kainat Waheed Department of Dentistry, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v2i02.143

Keywords:

Antibiotic Resistance, Dental Infections, Antimicrobial Resistance, Oral Microbiome

Abstract

Background:Antibiotic resistance is a global health issue, complicating infection management, including dental infections. Overuse or misuse of antibiotics in dentistry has led to resistant strains, highlighting the importance of proper treatment to prevent severe complications.

Objective:This study aims to assess the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in dental infections and evaluate its implications on clinical outcomes, therapeutic efficacy, and future dental treatment protocols.

Method:This cross-sectional study examined antibiotic resistance in dental infections among 200 patients (aged 18–65) from 2023 to 2024. Samples from abscesses, periodontitis, and periapical infections were cultured, and bacterial isolates were identified through Gram staining and biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer method. Resistance genes were analyzed via PCR, and data were evaluated using SPSS version 26.0.

Results:Out of 200 samples, 68% (n = 136) showed resistance to at least one antibiotic. Penicillin had the highest resistance (45%), followed by clindamycin (32%) and amoxicillin (28%). Metronidazole had the lowest (11%). PCR identified blaTEM (38%), ermB (25%), and tetM (20%). Patients with prior antibiotic use had a 2.5-fold higher risk of resistant strains.

Conclusion:Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in dental practice, with significant implications for the management of dental infections. The findings suggest that overuse of antibiotics may not only contribute to resistance but also lead to complications that require more invasive treatments. This study highlights the need for stricter antibiotic stewardship in dental care and the exploration of alternative therapies to combat resistant bacterial strains in dental infections

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