A Comprehensive Study Analyzing the Prevalence, Distribution, And Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Newcastle Disease in Backyard Poultry Populations in Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) is a significant concern for backyard poultry populations in Pakistan.

Objectives: This comprehensive study analyzed the prevalence, distribution, and factors influencing the occurrence of ND in these populations.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, covering four regions of Pakistan and assessing 384 backyard poultry flocks.

Results: Overall prevalence rate of ND was found to be 11.97%. Among the regions, Layyah had a prevalence rate of 12.0%, Muzafargarh had 14.0%, Multan had 11.2%, and Khushab had 11.9%. Factors such as flock size, poultry breeds, biosecurity measures, and vaccination coverage were identified as significant influences on ND occurrence. Notably, small flocks (less than 50 birds) had a prevalence rate of 13.33%, medium-sized flocks (50-100 birds) had 11.11%, and large flocks (more than 100 birds) had 11.90%. Local breed flocks had a prevalence rate of 5.00%, hybrid breeds had 11.11%, and exotic breeds had 20.19%.

Conclusion: The study provided valuable insights into ND prevalence and associated factors, facilitating the development of targeted control and prevention strategies for backyard poultry populations in Pakistan.